Distribution/broadcasting The European Directive on satellite broadcasting and cable retransmission provides for the simultaneous, unaltered and unabridged retransmission by cable, that the cable operators have to obtain the authorization from all right holders of authors’ rights and neighbouring rights (authors, producers, performers, broadcasters), in the country where the act of retransmission occurs. Such rule is also incorporated within the Dutch Copyright Act. VEVAM provides for the necessary authorization to Dutch cable distributors and collects remunerations on behalf of film and television directors. Since July 1, 2015, the Dutch Copyright Act has a new Article 45d paragraph 2 which specifically stipulates that, anyone who broadcasts a film work, or who has it broadcast, or – in short – offers channel packages to the public, owes a proportionate equitable remuneration to the principal director of the film. According to paragraph 3 of Article 45d such right to remuneration can be exercised exclusively by a CMO representing the interests of directors. On the basis of its mandate, VEVAM collects remunerations for film and television directors with the Dutch (cable) distributors and pays out the funds received to the directors of the respective programs.